Dagger: A Portable DEVKIT for CI/CD pipelines

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<img src="./logo1.png" width="100" /> Dagger
# A Portable devkit for CI/CD pipelines 
<br />

## anarcher@gmail.com
## 2022-04-15

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# Why Dagger?

- A developer's dream is a devops engineer's nightmare

- Modernizing the CI/CD development experience

- Write your pipeline once, run anywhere

![pic1](./dagger01.png) ![pic2](./dagger02.png)

[INTRODUCING DAGGER: A NEW WAY TO CREATE CI/CD PIPELINES](https://dagger.io/blog/public-launch-announcement)

[Dagger vs. Other Software](https://docs.dagger.io/1220/vs)

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# Getting Started - hello world

<pre><code class="hljs remark-code" style="font-size: 85%;">// dagger do hello --log-format=plain
package helloworld

import (
    "dagger.io/dagger"
    "dagger.io/dagger/core"
)

dagger.#Plan & {
    actions: {
        _alpine: core.#Pull & { source: "alpine:3" }
        // hello world
        hello: core.#Exec & {
            input: _alpine.output
            args: ["echo","hello, world!"]
            always: true
        } 
    }
}
</code></pre>

[helloworld.cue](https://github.com/dagger/dagger/blob/main/pkg/universe.dagger.io/examples/helloworld/helloworld.cue)

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# Getting Started - Summary

`dagger = buildkit + CUE`

- Containers for executing all Dagger Actions 
- Cue for describing action steps

![pic](./runtime.png)

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# Plan

One simple configuration for everything: the Plan(`dagger.#Plan`)

```cue
dagger.#Plan & {
    client: {
        filesystem: { ... }
        env: { ... }
    }
    actions: {
        deps: docker.#Build & { ... }
        test: bash.#Run & { ... }
        build: {
          run: bash.#Run & { ... }
          contents: core.#Subdir & { ... }
        }
        deploy: netlify.#Deploy & { ... }
    }
}
        
```

[dagger.io/dagger/plan.cue](https://github.com/dagger/dagger/blob/main/pkg/dagger.io/dagger/plan.cue)

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# Action

Lego for your pipelines: the Action API
- As of Dagger 0.2, the Dagger CUE API can be imported via `dagger.io/dagger` & `dagger.io/dagger/core`
- [Core Actions Reference](https://docs.dagger.io/1222/core-actions-reference)
- `#GitPull`: [git.cue](https://github.com/dagger/dagger/blob/main/pkg/dagger.io/dagger/core/git.cue): Download a repository from a remote git server

<pre><code class="hljs remark-code" style="font-size: 80%;">#SomeAction: {
    url:  string     
    deployUrl: string
}

dagger.#Plan & {
    client: filesystem: "output.json": write: contents: json.Marshal({
        url:       actions.test.url
        deployUrl: actions.test.deployUrl
    })
    actions: {
        test: #SomeAction & {}
    }
}
</code></pre>

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# Action API: `universe.dagger.io`
- Safely reuse code from the Dagger community	
- Dagger community, curated by Dagger

## Docker API
Import paths: [universe.dagger.io/docker](https://github.com/dagger/dagger/tree/main/pkg/universe.dagger.io/docker)
- `#Image`: a container image
- `#Run`: run a command in a container
- `#Push`: upload an image to a repository
- `#Pull`: download an image from a repository
- `#Build`: build an image

- [universe.dagger.io/examples](https://github.com/dagger/dagger/tree/main/pkg/universe.dagger.io/examples)
- [universe.dagger.io/x](https://github.com/dagger/dagger/tree/main/pkg/universe.dagger.io/x)

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# Buildkit

LLB(Low Level Builder)

![buildkit](./buildkit03.png)

- [Introducing BuildKit](https://blog.mobyproject.org/introducing-buildkit-17e056cc5317)
- DAG([Directed acyclic grapch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed_acyclic_graph))ger

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# CUE: Configure Unify Execute

- [Hello: CUE:](https://slide.anarcher.dev/2020/hello-cue/#1)
- [Order is irrelevant](https://cuelang.org/docs/tutorials/tour/intro/order/)
- [dagger: What is CUE?](https://docs.dagger.io/1215/what-is-cue/)

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# Dagger

An over-simplified description of how `Dagger` works under the hood might be:

a `DAG` compute engine powered by `Buildkit` and programmable in `Cue`

from Solomon Hykes(Docker & Dagger founder)
    
- https://dagger.io 
- https://docs.dagger.io

![dagger](./dagger03.png)